I. Izinto eziluncedo zeIPlywood yaseTshayina
1.I-Plywood egqwesileyo yeSoftwood kunye ne-Decorative Hardwood Veneer Faces
I-China iyagqwesa ekuveliseni umgangatho ophezulu we-softwood plywood enemigangatho yokuhombisa yokhuni oluqinileyo.Iintlobo ezidumileyo zeveneer ezisetyenziselwa inkangeleko yobuhle ziquka ipoplar, birch, elm, maple kunye ne-oki.La maplanga axineneyo axineneyo anika umdla wokuthungwa kunye neepateni ngemibala eyahlukeneyo.Itekhnoloji yoxinzelelo olushushu oluphezulu kunye nokuncamathelisa lwenza ukuba i-lamination ibambene kwaye iphakame kakhulu kwiplywood egqityiweyo.Izandiso zeglue nazo zongezwa ukuphucula ukumelana nokufuma.Umphezulu ogudileyo unciphisa iinzame zokuqhubekeka ezingakumbi ezifunekayo phambi kokufakwa kwezicelo zokugqibela.
2.Iindleko eziphantsi ngenxa yeMathiriyeli yeNdawo kunye nokuNgeniswa kweMithi ekrwada enexabiso eliphantsi
Ubuninzi bemithi ye-poplar evela kumasimi asemantla kunceda iindleko ezisezantsi zeplywood core layers.Ukongeza, iinkuni zeradiata pine ezikhuphisanayo ezisuka eNew Zealand kunye ne-eucalyptus ekhula ngokukhawuleza evela kumahlathi asemazantsi zongezelela ubutyebi bezinto eziphathekayo.Ukuxobula okukwinqanaba eliphezulu, ukuchetywa kunye nemigca yemveliso yokusikwa iphucula isivuno kwaye icuthe inkcitho yexabiso eliphakamileyo lemithi yomthi oqinileyo.Ukuvelisa okuzenzekelayo nako kuphucula imveliso yabasebenzi.Kungoko zombini iindleko zemathiriyeli kunye nokuguqulwa zikhuphisana kakhulu kwiplywood yaseTshayina.
3.Gqibezela ikhonkco loNikezo ngoomatshini, iiLogi, iikhemikhali, njl.
I-China iseke ikhonkco lokubonelela ngeplywood kushishino olubanzi lwangaphakathi.Ukufumaneka kwendawo koomatshini ababalulekileyo beplywood bemveliso efana neeleyile zokuxobula, imigca yokusika, izomisi kunye noomatshini bokushicilela abashushu kuthintela ukuthembela kwizinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.Ukongeza, ukuxhasa amacandelo angasentla afana nokuncamathelisa, iikhemikhali zokugquma, izixhobo kunye neendawo ezisecaleni zinokufumaneka ekuhlaleni.Ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso kuvelisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
4.Isikali esikhulu esinabasebenzi abaKhethekileyo abangaphezu kwesigidi esi-1
Isikali esibalulekileyo soshishino sidala iphuli yetalente enzulu kunye nokuqokelelana kobuchule bobugcisa.Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezulu kwesigidi esinye sabasebenzi baseTshayina abachwephesha kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngeplywood.Abasebenzi babandakanya amagcisa efektri, iinjineli zezixhobo, izazinzulu zomthi, abayili bemveliso njl.njl Oku kubonelela ngesiseko kubavelisi baseTshayina ukuba bavelise izinto ezintsha kwaye bagqwese kumacandelo athile eplywood.Umthamo omkhulu wemveliso ukwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
II.Izizathu ezingemva kweendleko eziphantsi
1.I-Plantation enkulu yePopoli ibonelela ngeeVeneers eziPhakathi ezingabizi kakhulu
Ipoplar luhlobo olubalulekileyo lwamaplanga olukhula ngokukhawuleza olulinywa kumasimi asemantla eTshayina.Inoxinano oluphantsi kunye nombala omhlophe ophaphathekileyo.Ngamahlathi alinyiweyo anikezelwe ukuveliswa kweplywood, iiplanga ze-poplar zinokufumaneka ngeendleko zoqoqosho kakhulu ukwenza i-core layer veneers.Iindlela ezintsha zokuxobula ezandisa izivuno zeveneer ukusuka kwi-poplar edayamitha encinci nazo zinceda ukunciphisa iindleko.Yiyo loo nto imithombo yokulima ipoplar ibalulekile ekuvumeleni iplywood yexabiso eliphantsi eTshayina.
2.Ukungenisa iRadiata Pine evela eNew Zealand ngamaXabiso amahle kakhulu
I-Radiata pine luhlobo lwe-softwood olusuka eNew Zealand oluye lwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-plywood yesakhiwo.Ngobonelelo oluninzi kunye nobudlelwane obuzinzileyo obakhiwe kwiminyaka edlulileyo phakathi kweTshayina neNew Zealand ishishini lamahlathi, iisawlog zeradiata pine zinokungeniswa kumazwe angaphandle ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo kakhulu.Izixhobo zokulima ezilawulwa ngokuzinzileyo kunye neendleko ezincomekayo zokuthumela ngenqanawa zenza imathiriyeli yompayina yeradiata ifikeleleke kwimills yaseTshayina yeplywood.
3.Plantation Eucalyptus evela eMzantsi China Kwakhona Iyafumaneka
Imithi ye-eucalyptus ekhula ngokukhawuleza ilinywa kumasimi ase-Guangdong, e-Guangxi nakwamanye amaphondo asemazantsi e-China.Isivuno sonyaka se-eucalyptus logs sifikelela kumashumi ezigidi ze-cubic metres ngonyaka.Njengomthombo weveneers zokuhombisa, ezi zityalo zikhuliswe ngamaplanga aqinileyo zinokufunyanwa ngokulula ngamaxabiso afanelekileyo ngabavelisi basekhaya beplywood.Ke ngoko ukongezelela iindleko ezikhuphisanayo nezixhobo zeplywood.
III.Iintlobo zeenkuni eziphambili ezivela eChina
I-1.Poplar - Umthi wokuTyalwa oKhula ngokukhawuleza oSetyenziselwe i-Core Layers
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ipoplar (P. deltoides okanye P. ussuriensis) ngowona mthi wokutyalwa okhula ngokukhawuleza eTshayina.Ikakhulu zilinywa kumasimi azinikeleyo kwimimandla esemantla, zinokuvunwa ngokujikeleziswa okufutshane ukuvelisa izigodo ezimibalabala ezixineneyo kakhulu.Imithi enjalo ye-poplar ifaneleke ngokugqibeleleyo ukwenza i-plywood core layer veneers ngenxa yokufana, ukusebenza kunye neenzuzo zeendleko eziphantsi.
2.I-Radiata Pine-Ithengwe isuka eNew Zealand isenzelwa iStructural Layers
I-Radiata pine (i-Pinus radiata) ithe yangeniswa evela eNew Zealand kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje ukuze ilinganisele ukunqongophala kwempahla ye-softwood yasekhaya e-China.Ngonikezelo oluthembekileyo kunye namaxabiso okungenisa afanelekileyo, i-radiata pine idlala indima ebalulekileyo yokusebenza njengemigangatho yesakhiwo kwimveliso yeplywood, ukongeza i-larch, i-fir kunye ne-spruce.
3.I-Eucalyptus-Isidilo somthi oHardwood sokuhombisa iiLayers eziPhezulu
I-Eucalyptus (E. urophylla, E. grandis, E. pellita) lolona didi lwezityalo oluqinileyo lwentengiso olulinywa kumazantsi eTshayina.Ukubonelela ngemibala emnandi, ukuthungwa kunye nobunzima bomhlaba ngamaxabiso ezoqoqosho, i-eucalyptus ifanelekile ukuvelisa ubuso kunye ne-back veneers kwi-plywood yokuhombisa.Ukufumaneka kwazo okuninzi komeleza icandelo lemveliso yeeplywood.
IV.Ulwazi olongezelelweyo lwaBathumeli bangaphandle
Abavelisi bePlywood abaKhokelayo eTshayina banezinto ezininzi ezikwaziyo ukwenza iiplywood ngaphandle abanokuthi bakhethe kuzo.Amanye amashishini amakhulu akhokelayo abandakanya iWood Wood, iKemian Wood, iShandong Shengda Wood kunye neGuangxi Fenglin Wood.Ezi nkampani zijolise kwiimveliso zeplywood ezikumgangatho ophezulu eziqinisekiswe yiCARB, CE, JAS kunye neminye imigangatho yehlabathi.
Ulawulo loMgangatho kunye neendlela zoVavanyo Abavelisi baseTshayina abaPhezulu baphumeza iinkqubo ezingqongqo zolawulo lomgangatho ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa.Babeka iliso kwiiparamitha ezifana nokuhlelwa kwe-veneer, isantya sokusasazeka kweglue, uxinzelelo lwe-press kunye nobushushu njl.
Inkqubo yeMveliso kunye noLawulo lweFactory Izisila zisebenza ngemigca yemveliso yale mihla kwiindibano zocweyo ezivaliweyo ezincediswa ngoomatshini.Izibonelelo zabo ziqinisekisiweyo ze-ISO okanye zisebenzela ukuqondwa okunjalo.Irhasi yenkunkuma, intsalela kunye neenkqubo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka zifakelwe ukuthotyelwa kokusingqongileyo.Ezinye izityalo zikwasebenzisa iintsalela zemithi ukwenza umbane we biomass.
Ixesha lokukhokela, iindlela zokuThumela kunye neeKhetho zeNtlawulo
Kwiiodolo zeplywood ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, ixesha lokukhokela eliphakathi limalunga neentsuku ezingama-30-45 ukusuka ekuqinisekisweni ukuya ekulayishweni ebhodini kumazibuko aseTshayina.Iindlela zokuthumela ngenqanawe ziquka i-20ft kunye ne-40ft imithwalo yempahla elwandle.Iintlawulo ezikhuselekileyo ngaphandle kwe-intanethi ziquka ukudluliselwa kwe-wire, i-PayPal, ileta yekhredithi njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-29-2023
